This paper surveys the rapidly growing field of performance-based wind engineering (PBWE) of engineered systems, with focus on not only how PBWE THINING SCISSOR has evolved since its early incarnations inspired by performance-based seismic engineering, but also the unique challenges of PBWE and the research that continues to emerge to tackle them.T

In addition to government and official institutions such as the police, the gendarmerie, and the National Organization for Security and Intelligence (SAVAK), the second Pahlavi government used militias to suppress its opponents.This use of armed non-state actors continued throughout this period (1942-1979).In fact, force and violence which should h

Monogamy is rare in fishes and is usually associated with elaborate parental care.When parental care is present in fishes, it is usually the male that is responsible, and it is believed that there is a relationship between the high energetic investment and the certainty of paternity (except in the case of sneaker males).Osteoglossum bicirrhosum is

Similar to cells, viruses often compartmentalize specific functions such as genome replication or particle assembly.Viral compartments may contain host organelle membranes or they may be mainly composed of viral proteins.These compartments are often termed: inclusion bodies (IBs), viroplasms or viral factories.The same virus may form more than one